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On this day in New York · July 12, 1871

The Orange Riot Turns Eighth Avenue into a Battlefield

A Protestant parade the city first tried to ban, then chose to guard with soldiers, ended with more than sixty New Yorkers dead on Eighth Avenue.

The facts

Date
July 12, 1871
Location
Eighth Avenue, Manhattan
Dead
More than 60 civilians and three National Guardsmen
Cause
A guarded Orange Order parade through Irish Catholic neighborhoods

On Wednesday, July 12, 1871, a few dozen Protestant Irishmen of the Orange Order set out to march up Eighth Avenue in Manhattan to mark a centuries-old victory over Catholic Ireland. The city had first moved to forbid the parade, then reversed itself and sent police, state militia, and cavalry to protect it, which drew enraged crowds of Irish Catholic laborers. Along the route, under a hail of thrown objects, the militia opened fire into the packed street. More than sixty civilians and three guardsmen were killed, most of them Irish workers, in one of the deadliest days of civil violence the city has ever seen.

In their words

The day in the words of the people who were there. Every quote is verbatim, and every source links out so you can check it.

  1. such a lesson was needed every few years. Had one thousand of the rioters been killed, it would have had the effect of completely cowing the remainder

    Banker Henry Smith, quoted in the New York Tribune, 1871

    Source: Orange Riots, Wikipedia

Why it still matters

The papers largely cheered the crackdown, and the comfortable classes made no secret of who they thought the streets belonged to. It was among the last great sectarian street battles of Irish New York, and effectively the last Orange parade of its kind, a tradition the city decided cost more to defend than to quietly let fade.

Sources

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