New York EXPLAINED
Get the brief

On this day in New York · December 21, 1913

The First Crossword Runs in a Sunday Paper

A Liverpool-born editor filled a hollow diamond with letters to pad out a slow Sunday page, and gave the world its most durable way to kill a subway ride.

The facts

Date
December 21, 1913
Where it ran
The New York World's Sunday "Fun" supplement
Original shape
A hollow diamond, with F-U-N pre-filled at the center
Original name
"Word-Cross Puzzle," renamed "Cross-Word" weeks later after a typesetting error

On December 21, 1913, the New York World published a diamond-shaped word puzzle in its Sunday "Fun" section, built by staff journalist Arthur Wynne. Wynne, born in Liverpool in 1871, had emigrated to the United States in 1891, worked at the Pittsburgh Press, and eventually landed at the World in Manhattan, where his job was filling the humor page every week. His puzzle had a hollow diamond shape with the letters F, U, and N already filled in at the center, and numbered clues running down instead of the familiar rows and columns. He called it a "Word-Cross Puzzle." Readers wrote in for more, the World kept running them, and within weeks a typesetting slip flipped the name to "Cross-Word" for good.

In their words

The day in the words of the people who were there. Every quote is verbatim, and every source links out so you can check it.

  1. On December 21, 1913, Arthur Wynne, a journalist born in Liverpool, England, published a "word-cross" puzzle in the New York World that embodied most of the features of the modern genre.

    Wikipedia, "Crossword" entry

    Source: Wikipedia
  2. contained no internal black squares

    American Crossword Puzzle Tournament, on Wynne's original diamond puzzle

    Source: American Crossword Puzzle Tournament

Why it still matters

Wynne wasn't trying to invent anything, he just needed to fill a page, and the puzzle he sketched out that Sunday is still the same basic contract between a grid and a stranger's clues that runs in papers and phones a century later.

Sources

Get the day it happened, the day it happens.

Every morning brief ends with this day in New York history, and every day adds a page to this almanac. Free, in your inbox.

Free to start. The unsubscribe link actually works.